Care Cascade for Colorectal Cancer

In metaverse healthcare, prevention of colorectal cancer is characterized by a cascade of three levels from primary prevention, secondary prevention, until tertiary prevention.

It is apparent from Fig. (1) that the severity of disease in the absence of intervention increased with this multistage natural history of colorectal neoplasia. Occurrence and progression toward death from CRC are determined by all these stage-specific features.

These include the initiators of advanced adenoma (IAF), the malignant transformation features (MTF), the progressive promotor features (PPF), and prognostic factors. Note that these features may or may not modified or confounded by genetic susceptibility and also demographic features.

To prevent each stage of colorectal neoplasia, Fig. (2)-(4) show the detailed features related to care cascade from prevention, screening, and treatment.

colorectal cancer prevention disrupted by COVId-19 pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic offers a natural experiment for assessing the impacts of the delayed care cascade from prevention, screening, until treatment.

Figure show such a series of scenarios and evaluation the overall impacts and specific impacts of each level using Taiwan and world-wide scenario.

The salvage plan based on f-Hb-guided precision screening for reducing interval cancer and death is shown here.

The Surgical Metaverse

Care cascade for colorectal cancer in metaverse has been realized in telesurgery for surgeons to applying the Digital Twin to creating Avtar Surgeons in combination with the Extended Reality (ER) (including Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR))